There are about 50,000 companies trading on the organized exchanges of the world according to an article by Ashley Owen of OwenAnalytics. China has the highest number of companies at over 5,000 followed by Canada and the US. On a per capita basis, Canada tops the ranking at 113 per million followed by Australia at 75 companies per million population. The main reason for the high number listings in the relatively small economies of these countries is that both are resource-based economies and thousands of mining companies trade on the exchanges.
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Source: Australia: Most listed stocks per capita and biggest gamblers in the world